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Admiral of the Fleet Sir Henry Keppel (14 June 1809 – 17 January 1904) was a Royal Navy officer. His first command was largely spent off the coast of Spain, which was then in the midst of the First Carlist War. As commanding officer of the corvette HMS ''Dido'' on the East Indies and China Station he was deployed in operations during the First Opium War and in operations against Borneo pirates. He later served as commander of the naval brigade besieging Sebastopol during the Crimean War. After becoming second-in-command of the East Indies and China Station, he commanded the British squadron in the action with Chinese pirates at the Battle of Fatshan Creek when he sank around 100 enemy war-junks. He subsequently took part in the capture of Canton during the Second Opium War. Keppel went on to be Commander-in-Chief, Cape of Good Hope and West Coast of Africa Station, then Commander-in-Chief, South East Coast of America Station and finally Commander-in-Chief, Plymouth. == Early career == Born the son of William Keppel, 4th Earl of Albemarle and Elizabeth Southwell Keppel, daughter of Edward Southwell, 20th Baron de Clifford, Keppel joined the Royal Naval Academy at Portsmouth as a cadet in February 1822.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sir Henry Keppel )〕 Keppel was then appointed a midshipman in the sixth-rate HMS ''Tweed'' on the Cape of Good Hope Station.〔Heathcote, p. 141〕 Promoted to lieutenant on 28 January 1829, he transferred to the fifth-rate HMS ''Galatea'' on the North America and West Indies Station in February 1830 and to the fifth-rate HMS ''Magicienne'' on the East Indies and China Station in July 1831.〔 Promoted to commander on 30 January 1833, Keppel became commanding officer of the brig HMS ''Childers'' in May 1834.〔 His first command was largely spent off the coast of Spain, which was then in the midst of the First Carlist War.〔Heathcote, p. 142〕 He was deployed in operations in support of the liberal forces of Maria Christina, the Regent of Spain at the time of the minority of Isabella II, who had faced a revolt by Carlos, Count of Molina.〔 He was then engaged with the West Africa Squadron in operations to suppress the slave trade.〔 Promoted to captain on 5 December 1837, Keppel became commanding officer of the corvette HMS ''Dido'' on the East Indies and China Station and was deployed in operations during the First Opium War and in operations against Borneo pirates.〔 He went on to commanding officer of the fifth-rate HMS ''Maeander'' in November 1847 and was again deployed in operations against Borneo pirates.〔〔The story of these two commands was told by himself in two publications, ''The Expedition to Borneo of HMS. Dido for the Suppression of Piracy'' (with extracts from the journal of James Brooke) (1846), and in ''A Visit to the Indian Archipelago in HMS Meander'' (1853). The substance of these books was afterwards incorporated into his autobiography, which was published in 1899 under the title ''A Sailors Life under four Sovereigns''.〕 Keppel became commanding officer of the steam line-of-battle ship HMS ''St Jean d'Acre'' in May 1853.〔 When the Crimean War broke out on 1854, HMS ''St Jean d'Acre '' formed part of the Baltic Fleet and the ship was deployed to the Black Sea.〔 Keppel swapped commands with the captain of the sailing line-of-battle ship HMS ''Rodney'', whose crew were all ashore, in July 1855 and served as commander of the naval brigade besieging Sebastopol in August and September 1855.〔 He transferred to the command of the second-rate HMS ''Colossus'' in the Baltic Fleet in January 1856 and then assisted with the re-embarkation of the British troops in the Crimea.〔 For his part in the Crimean War Keppel was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath on 5 February 1856, appointed a member of the French Legion of Honour on 2 August 1856 and awarded the Turkish Order of the Medjidie, 2nd class on 3 April 1858. Promoted to commodore, Keppel became second-in-command of the East Indies and China Station, with his broad pennant in the frigate HMS ''Raleigh'', in September 1856.〔 HMS ''Raleigh'' was lost on an uncharted rock near Hong Kong, and, although Keppel was subsequently court-martialed, he was honourably acquitted for the loss of the ship. He then transferred his pennant to the sixth-rate HMS ''Alligator''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Second Anglo-Chinese War ("Opium war") of 1856 - 1860 )〕 After commandeering the chartered steamer ''Hong Kong'', he commanded the British squadron, which consisted of the ''Hong Kong'' and seven gun boats, in the action with Chinese pirates at the Battle of Fatshan Creek in June 1857 when he sank around 100 enemy war-junks.〔 For his part in this action Keppel was advanced to Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath on 12 September 1857. He also took part in the capture of Canton in December 1857 during the Second Opium War.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Henry Keppel」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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